Assignment - Question E

e.     Justify your choices and explain why the items selected are suitable. (500 words from each partner individually on your blog)

The items we chose are suitable as they suit the needs of a Type 2 diabetic and the things that they can and cannot eat. For a type 2 diabetic it can be hard to enjoy nice things that suit your diet so that’s why we decided to chose 3 different deserts that were a yummy alternative that someone with the disease could enjoy. Our first choice was Apple and Custard Tarts. This recipe is well suited to be presented at a high tea because it caters for someone with osteoporosis and suffering with type 2 diabetes. The milk in the recipe is a good source of vitamin D. This recipe is low in sugar and has no butter, which is good for a person with type 2 diabetes, trying to control their blood pressure. This recipe also contains one of the three main food categories that people with type 2 diabetes need in their diet, which is carbohydrates. The carbohydrates in this recipe include: custard powder, milk, apples and pastry. Banana Cake is a good recipe to chose for someone that is suffering with type 2 diabetes as the ingredients match with what their diet includes and helps them keep their blood pressure from increasing. This recipe only requires a small amount of butter and no sugar. Our final choice was Rice Pudding. This recipe is low fat and is rich in calcium. There is milk, rice, eggs, vanilla, sugar and cinnamon. Carbohydrates are one of the major food categories  in a type 2 diabetes diet. There are two types of carbohydrates; simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are easily broken down providing quick and short energy. Complex carbohydrates provide a slow and steady release of energy as their breakdown is slower. The complex carbohydrate in this recipe is the main ingredient; rice. The simple carbohydrates in this recipe include milk and sugar. This recipe is ideal for a person with type 2 diabetes because it provides one of their main sources of energy and help keep their blood pressure low.

Assignment - Question C and D

ii. Find 2 recipes suitable for serving as an afternoon tea for the need researched and justify your choices.

The two recipes that Sophie and I have found to use for our morning tea include Banana Cake and Apple Custard Tarts. We chose Banana Cake as our one of our as it was a yummy option while also being a good recipe for a Type 2 diabetic. Banana Cake is an easy and good alternative for a Type 2 Diabetic and also a great thing for an afternoon tea. We chose Apple and Custard Tarts as they are a fun thing to make and a enjoyable meal for someone with type 2 diabetes.

d.     With a partner: The café in which you work is having a high tea fund raising event. Your job is to create a high tea platter for people with special food needs. From your research and the recipes you have selected, choose items which fill the needs of the 2 groups researched and prepare and present the items in the lessons designated for practical assessment. In order to do this you will need to research the term “high tea”. You should aim to produce 3 items for the platter.

High Tea is an English Meal that gained popularity in the 1600’s, especially among laborers. The meal was often called meat tea because hearty dishes were served, including meat sandwiches and hot cooked food, like meat pies. Cold meats, bread, cheese, crackers, and a variety of desserts like cakes could make up part of the menu. For the laboring class, high tea was usually a part of the evening meal, taken after sunset. In this case, cooked meats, stews, and the like might be part of the meal. Unlike the tea traditionally served at 4 or 5pm, farming and laboring families tended to eat between 5 and 6 pm, and the meal was usually more closely related to dinner or supper. For laborers and farmers, this was a daily traditional meal, not something consumed only occasionally. The definition has recently undergone some changes, however, especially for non-UK countries. Now, high tea often refers to a more traditional tea with lighter meal and dessert offerings. This is often how the term it is used outside of England. The three items we chose to produce includes; Banana Cake, Apple Custard Tarts and Rice Pudding. 

Assignment - Question A and B

a.     Explain the difference between a special food need that an individual may be born with and a special food need that may develop as a result of illness or the environment in which a person lives. Give examples to illustrate your ideas. You will need to explain why special foods are needed.

When you are born with a special food need there are certain things that you can and cannot eat, this can effect a big part in a lot of people’s lives. When you grow into a special food need there are many different things that can cause it. Illness is a big one as a lot of people everyday are diagnosed with different illnesses and some can effect what you can and can’t eat. An example of the environment would be if you lived in Peru or different parts of the world that didn’t have good nutritional fruits and vegetables that can make it hard for the person to suit their new diet. Special foods are needed because with certain illnesses you cannot eat some things as they may effect the illness and potentially make it worse.

b.     i. You will be allocated a lifestyle disease or choices from the ones studied in class and a scenario to address. Explain what causes the problem or what motivates a person to adopt certain eating habits, the risks associated with the choice and the steps, which should be taken to reduce these risks. You will also need to include information on the foods your group can or cannot eat. (500 words on your blog)

Type 2 diabetes is known as a ‘lifestyle disease’ as it is often triggered by being inactive or carrying excess weight around the abdomen. It tends to run in families and it is not uncommon to have high cholesterol and high blood pressure as well. Your habits, good and bad alike, serve a purpose that makes you emotionally and behaviorally attached to them. Although your motivation for adopting or breaking a habit may differ from the motivation of someone else, certain common motivating factors exist. Type 2 diabetes can also develop when your body becomes resistant to insulin. This happens when your body's tissues don't respond well to insulin and so can't make use of the glucose in the blood for energy. Your pancreas responds by producing more insulin and your liver, where glucose is stored, releases more glucose. When a person adopts certain eating habits it is usually because they want to lose weight, get fit and even prevent them from getting a disease. Adopting certain eating habits can even come from a simple choice of them wanting to try new things. The risks that would be associated with choosing a type 2 diabetes menu would be the changes in your Sugar level intake as the more sugar you have the higher your blood sugar levels rise and a type 2 diabetic with consistently high blood sugar levels is at risk for complications retinopathy, neuropathy, foot ulcers, skin disorders and kidney disease. You need to limit your fat intake as it is high in calories and consuming too many calories can lead to obesity. Obesity not only complicates diabetes but is also one of the greatest risk factors for developing heart disease like cancer, high blood pressure, asthma and arthritis. Decrease dietary fat by choosing low-fat dairy products, lean meats, fruits, vegetables and whole grains. You can also cut fat and calories by cooking with little or no oil or butter. Starchy vegetables offer many essential vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, but you should aim to limit this as they function more like carbohydrates raise blood sugars. Alcohol is also not a good idea unless your blood sugar is well controlled. It is advised that women limit their drinks to 1 per day and men 2 per day. The steps that should be taken to reduce these risks would be to include more daily exercise, eating more fruit and protein. 

Assignment - Question 1

a.     The 5 stages of the human life cycle are: infancy, childhood, adolescence (12-20), adulthood and old age. For each stage identify circumstances that may lead an individual to have special nutritional needs.

Infancy:

Some infants and young children may have particular dietary requirements. These special needs may exist because of a particular physical or physiological condition and/or specific diseases or disorders. Therapeutic foods are foods designed for specific, usually nutritional-related, therapeutic purposes as a form of dietary supplement. 

The primary examples of therapeutic foods are used for emergency feeding of malnourished children or to provide adequate nutrition to infants and children with allergies and metabolic conditions that are home-based or in a hospital setting.

Childhood:

- Allergies born with it or it can later occur.

- Calcium deficiency, not taking enough calcium,

- Obesity and over eating,

- Vegetarian choice

- Religion.

Adolescence:

Adolescence is a time of increased growth and development, in which a greater need for nutrients coincides with a change in food habits that also influences nutritional needs. Due to differences in body type, physical activity, and rate of growth, every adolescent has different nutritional needs.

Adulthood:

As adults, nutrition still promotes health and reduces risk of disease. Examples of people with medical conditions throughout adulthood and diseases show the effect that certain nutrients, or a lack of certain nutrients, can have on the human body. Some specific diseases linked to poor diet and physical inactivity are cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and certain types of cancer. Being overweight, and especially obese, also is linked to many health problems. Eating a poorly balanced diet that is low in nutrients but high in total calories can lead to weight gain.

Old Age:

The normal nutritional needs for maintaining a constant state of good health remain throughout life in an individual although the nutritional needs of growth disappear. Good nutrition results in speedy recovery from illness, surgery or broken bones and can generally improve overall quality of life along with increased life span. It is expected that the nutritional requirements of 51 year olds to be different from those of 60, 70, 80, and 90 years olds.

Workflow Plan for Rice Pudding

Workflow Plan for Apple and Custard Tarts